Understanding Leo Amino: A Comprehensive Guide
Leo amino, also known as proteinogenic amino acids, are the building blocks of life. They are the essential components used by biological cells to synthesize proteins. In this article, we will delve into the details of these 20 amino acids, exploring their properties, functions, and significance in various biological processes.
The 20 Standard Amino Acids
There are 20 standard amino acids that are commonly found in proteins. These amino acids are categorized into two groups: essential and non-essential. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained from the diet, while non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body.
| Chinese Name | English Name | Three-letter Abbreviation | One-letter Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 涓欐皑閰?/td> | Alanine | A | A |
| 鑻笝姘ㄩ吀 | Phenylalanine | F | F |
| 鍗婅儽姘ㄩ吀 | Cysteine | C | C |
| 纭掑崐鑳辨皑閰?/td> | Selenocysteine | U | U |
| 澶╁啲姘ㄩ吀 | Aspartic acid / Aspartate | D | D |
| 澶╁啲閰拌兒 | Asparagine | N | N |
| 璋锋皑閰?/td> | Glutamic acid / Glutamate | E | E |
| 璋锋皑閰拌兒 | Glutamine | Q | Q |
| 鐢樻皑閰?/td> | Glycine | G | G |
| 缁勬皑閰?/td> | Histidine | H | H |
| 浜皑閰?/td> | Leucine | L | L |
| 寮備寒姘ㄩ吀 | Isoleucine | I | I |
| 璧栨皑閰?/td> | Lysine | K | K |
| 鍚″挴璧栨皑閰?/td> | Pyrrolysine | O | P |
| 铔嬫皑閰?/td> | Methionine | M | M |
Properties and Functions of Amino Acids
Amino acids have various properties and functions that contribute to their role in protein synthesis and biological processes. Here are some key properties and functions of amino acids:
- Properties:
- Each amino acid has a central carbon atom (alpha carbon) bonded to four groups: an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom (-H), and a variable side chain (R group).
- The R group determines the unique properties of each amino acid, such as its size, shape, charge, and polarity.
- Amino acids can
